Saturday, December 14, 2013

Enoch Brown School Massacre

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Enoch_Brown_mem_FrankCo_PA.JPG

http://profilesofmurder.com/2013/02/11/when-children-kill/

One of earliest known and "recorded" instances of violence committed against school aged children occurred on July 26, 1764.  Known primarily by the name Enoch Brown School Massacre, it has been titled by differing variations -  Pontiac's Rebellion School Massacre, Enoch Brown Massacre, Enoch Brown Indian Massacre, or Enoch Brown Schoolhouse Massacre.  The events took place near what is now Greencastle, Pennsylvania when four Lenape American Indians entered the schoolhouse shot, killed and scalped schoolmaster Enoch Brown, and nine or ten children (reports vary). There two children who survived the scalping and four that were taken captive.

Prior to this incident there was much violence which culminated in the French and Indian War; the war ended but not the animosity.  Animosity further fueled by Governor John Penn's announcement  of a promise of bounties to be paid to the white man for Indian scalps.

In August of that year, the Pennsylvania Gazette reported on what occurred.  The story goes like this:
It was on the morning of July 26, 1764 when the foul murder of a teacher and his ten students occurred. Mr. Brown, a native of Virginia, was a man of liberal culture; he was noted and respected for his thoughtfulness, integrity, and Christian character.

Tradition says that on this morning the children were loath to go to school. Only eleven responded to the roll call, two girls and nine boys representing ten families. Archie McCullough, the youngest student, was the only survivor. After the Indians left, he crawled down hill to the spring where he was found. He lived to be quite old; but he was demented, a result of the scalping.

A passerby discovered the bodies a few hours after the murder. The children's bodies were removed to their respective homes; and a few days later their bodies, along with that of their teacher, were buried in one grave.
The grave was unmarked and the story nearly fell in to legend save for one person who often repeated a story about the tragedy.  It wasn't until a committee headed by A. B. Rankin set out to prove that that there was a burial spot. The excavation gave up the remains of teacher and students.   In 1885, a memorial was erected and the area was designated Enoch Brown Park.

As mentioned, there is one known written account of this incident.  Not a witness to the attack, John McCullough after his capture in 1756, was living among the Delawares at the time and witnessed the return of the three young Indians with the scalps of those attacked.
,,,they came to a school house, where they murdered and scalped the master and all the scholars, except one, who survived after he was scalped, a boy about ten years old, a full cousin of mine. I saw the Indians when they returned home with the scalps ; ,,,of the old Indians were very displeased for killing so many children, especially ,,,or night walker, an old chief, or half king, he alluded it to cowardice which was the greatest affront he could offer then. 


Victims: Enoch Brown, Ruth Hale, Eben Taylor, George Dustan, Archie McCullough and six others whose names are not known

Perps:  4 Lenape American Indian

Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontiac%27s_Rebellion_school_massacre
http://www.greencastlemuseum.org/Local_History/enoch.htm
http://www.archive.org/stream/selectionofsomeo01loud/selectionofsomeo01loud_djvu.txt

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